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ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 1 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product offline, high pf, high efficiency led driver ic description the ap1685 is a high performance ac/dc power factor correct or for mains dimmable led driver applications. the device use s pulse frequency modulation (pfm) technology to regulate output current while achieving high power factor and low thd. it operates as a bcm (boundary conduction mode) which is good for emi. the ap1685 internal ly integrate s a 500v high voltage mosfet which can realize a lower bom cost. the ap1685 provides accurate constant current (cc) regulation while removing the opto - coupler and secondary control circuitry. it also eliminates the need of loop compensation circuitry while maintaining stability. it c an meet the requirement of iec6100 - 3 - 2 harmonic standard. the ap1685 features low start - up current, low operation current. it adopts valley on switching mode to achieve high efficiency. it also has rich protection features including over voltage, short ci rcui t, over temperature protection. the ap1685 is available in so - 7 package . applications ? non - dimmable led drivers pin assignments (top view) so - 7 features ? boundary conduction mode (bcm) o peration to a chieve h igh - efficiency ? high pf and low thd (pf>0.9, thd<30%) ? high efficiency ? low start - up current ? tight led current ? tight led o pen v oltage ? valley - mode s witching to m inimize the t ransition l oss ? i nternal integrated 2 .5 a/500v mosfet can cover up to 10w ? easy emi ? internal protections: ? under voltage lock out (uvlo) ? leading - edge blanking (leb) ? output short protection ? output open protection ? over temperature protection ? totally lead - free & fully rohs compliant (notes 1 & 2) ? halogen and antimony free. green device (note 3) note s: 1 . no purposely added lead. fully eu directive 2002/95/ec (rohs) & 2011/65/eu (rohs 2) compliant. 2. see http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about diodes incorporateds definitions of hal ogen - and antimony - free, "green" and lead - f ree . 3. halogen - and antimony - free "green products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total br + cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. s c s r i g n d f b v c c d r a i n 1 2 3 4 7 6 5
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 2 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product typical applications circuit typical b uck a pplication with a uxiliary w inding typical f loating b uck a pplication without a uxiliary w inding t 1 o u t + v c c f b d r a i n c s g n d u 1 a p 1 6 8 5 c 3 r 7 r 5 r 6 r 4 d 1 c 4 r 2 a c i n p u t f 1 v r 1 d b 1 c 2 l 1 c 1 r 8 d 2 r 1 r i s r 9 o u t + d r a i n c 3 r 5 r 6 c 4 r 2 a c f 1 v r 1 d b 1 c 2 l 1 c 1 d 2 r 9 r 8 l 2 s a p 1 6 8 5 v c c r i g n d c s f b r 1 r 7 z d 1 d 1
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 3 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product pin description s pin number p in name function 1 s internal mosfet s source 2 cs current sensing 3 ri setting the initial on time 4 gnd ground 5 fb the feedback voltage from auxiliary winding 6 vcc supply voltage of gate driver and control circuits of the ic . 7 drain i nternal m osfet s drain functional block diagram t o n s p o w e r _ e n d r i v e r f b v c c d r a i n p f m r s q v r e f c c _ c t r l t o n p _ c t r l c s v d d p r o c s _ o c p f b _ c v f b _ o v p v c c _ o v p l o g i c v c s m a x v c s _ v a l l e y r i 5 3 2 1 6 s 7 4 g n d s e t i n i t i a l t o n p t o n s d e t e c t o r c o n s t a n t t u r n - o n t i m e g e n e r a t i o n p r o t e c t i o n & l a t c h r e g u l a t o r & b i a s
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 4 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product absolute maximum ratings ( note 4 ) ( @t a = + 25 c, unless otherwise specified .) symbol parameter rating unit v cc power supply voltage - 0.3 to 3 5 v v cs voltage at cs to gnd - 0.3 to 7 v v fb fb input voltage - 40 to 10 v v drain voltage on drain 500 v i d continue drain current t c = + 25 o c 2.5 a t j operating junction temperature - 40 to + 150 c t stg storage temperature - 65 to + 150 c t lead lead temperature (soldering, 10 sec) + 300 c p d power dissipation ( t a = + 50 ? c ) 0.65 w ja thermal resistance (junction to ambient) 1 6 0 c /w C esd ( human body model) 2 0 00 v C esd ( machine model) 2 00 v note 4 : stresses greater than those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only, and functional o peration of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating conditions is no t implied. exposure to a bsolute maximum ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. recommended operating conditions symbol parameter min max unit v cc power supply voltage 8 2 5 v t a ambient temperature - 40 + 105 c
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 5 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product electrical characteristics (@t a = + 25c, unless otherwise specified .) symbol parameter conditions min typ max unit uvlo section v th (st) start - up threshold C 13 14.5 16 v v opr (min) minim um operating voltage after turn on 5.5 6.5 7.5 v v cc_ovp vcc ovp voltage C 27 29 31 v C v cc delatch voltage (note 5 ) C 3 4 5 v standby current section i st start - up current v cc = v th (st) - 0.5v, before start up C C 2 0 a i cc ( opr ) operating current s tatic C 900 13 00 a current sense section v cs _ r ef current s ense r eference C C 1 C v v cs _ c lamp current sense reference clamp C 1.2 1.4 C v t onp _min minimum t onp C 7 00 C 1000 n s t d (h - l) delay to output (note 5 ) C 50 150 250 ns feedback input section i fb feedback pin input leakage current v fb = 2 v C C 4 a v fb _cv fb cv threshold C 3.8 4 4.2 v v fb _ovp fb ovp threshold C 4.5 6 7.5 v internal mosfet section r ds ( on ) drain - source o n - state r esistance v gs = 10v, i d = 1.25a C C 6 ? v br(drain) drain - source breakdown voltage v gs = 0v, i d = 250 a 500 C C v i dss drain - source leakage current v ds = 500v, v gs = 0v C C 1 a output current C system output current on final test board C C C 2 % over temperature protection section C shutdown temperature (note 5 ) C + 1 5 0 C C c C temperature hysteresis (note 5 ) C C + 20 C c note 5 : these parameters, although guaranteed by design, are not 100% tested in production . .
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 6 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product performance characteristics cv threshold vs. supply voltage start - up voltage v s. ambient temperature minimal operating voltage v s. ambient temperature s tart - up current v s. ambient temperature operating current v s . ambient temperature cv threshold vs. ambient temperature -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 start-up current ( ? a) ambient temperature ( o c) 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 cv threshold (v) supply voltage (v) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 3.00 3.25 3.50 3.75 4.00 4.25 4.50 cv threshold (v) ambient temperature ( o c) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 start-up voltage (v) ambient temperature ( o c) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 minimal operating voltage (v) ambient temperature ( o c) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 500 600 700 800 900 1000 operating current ( ? a) ambient temperature ( o c)
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 7 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product performance characteristics (c ont.) f b leakage current vs. ambient temperature supply c urrent vs. s upply v oltage -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 fb leakage current ( ? a) ambient temperature ( o c) 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 0 200 400 600 800 1000 supply current ( ? a) supply voltage (v)
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 8 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product application information the ap1685 is designed for single voltage application, and it features high power factor correction (pfc) , low total harmonic distortion (thd) , low bom cost and good emi performance. the device can be widely used in non - dimmable led application such as gu10, bulb lamps, down lamp, etc. the ap1685 adopts constant on time control method within one ac cycle to achieve the high p ower f actor and low thd . t he control scheme is very simple, the power factor correction effectiveness is ob vious, and the constant current control is also good enough. figure 1. typical application circuit design p arameters setting the c urrent s ense r esistor r8 as the ap1685 adopts constant on time control method, the current of the inductance will follow the input voltage to get a sinusoidal wave . t he current sense pin cs of the ap1685 will sense the peak current of the inductance by sensing the voltage dropped on the current sense resistor r8 , and the constant current control is realized by control ling the peak current. in buck structure , when the v o is higher than v in , no energy will be transferred from input to output which is called dead zone , and c onsidering the dead zone of buck structure, the output current can be calculated as below: where , v cs_ref is the reference of the current sense, and the typical value is 1v . k is the current modification coefficient, and the value of k is approximate to be 0.7. so, the current sense resistor r8 is determined: transformer selection (t1) the non - isolated buck circuit in f igure 1 is usually selected, and the system is operating at boundary conduction mode. the systems operating frequency do es not keep constant, t he minimum switching frequency at the crest is set as f min , a nd then the buck inductance value l can be got: where , v o is the output voltage . v in_rms is the rms value of the input voltage . mean o ref cs i v k r _ _ 8 ? ? ? ? 8 1 _ _ r v k i ref cs mean o ? ? ? ? t 1 o u t + v c c f b d r a i n c s g n d u 1 a p 1 6 8 5 c 3 r 7 r 5 r 6 r 4 d 1 c 4 r 2 a c i n p u t f 1 v r 1 d b 1 c 2 l 1 c 1 r 8 d 2 r 1 r i s r 9 min _ _ _ 2 8 ) 2 ( f v v v r v v l rms in ref cs o o rms in ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 9 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product application information (cont.) the next step is determin ing the transformers winding turns number, the worst case operation condition of transformer is at the peak voltage area of sine waveform input voltage where the current of across the inductance is the maximum value. the transformer design should be based on the worst case operation condition to guarantee that the transformer is not saturated. according to ferrari's law of electromagnetic induction, the winding turns number of the buck inductance n l is: where , a e is the core effective area . b m is the maximum magnetic flux density . the auxiliary winding is power supply for v cc , the winding turns number n aux is: where , v cc is the power supply v oltage for ic from auxiliary winding . v d is the voltage drop of the freewheel diode . setting the i nitial o n t ime as the ap1685 adopts constant on - time control method, the ap1685 will generate an initial on time to start a working cycle. if the initial on time is longer than the rated on time, overshoot will happen which could damage the led . and a good system performance does not permit overshoot, so the appropriate initial on ti me should be guaranteed. and initial on time is determined by resister r1 shown in f igure 1 . according to initial on time generation mechanism, the t o n_initial is to guarantee the system with no overshoot phenomenon, the resistor is selected valley on c ontrol m ethod the valley on function can provide low turn - on switching losses for buck converter. the voltage across the drain and source of the power mosfet is reflected by the auxiliary winding of the buck transformer. the voltage is sensed by the fb pin. figure 2 . valley on control ? ? ? ? ? 10 max _ _ 10 2 8 25 . 1 1 rms in u r l r 8 _ r b a v l b a i l n m e ref cs m e pk l ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0 . 1 v 1 s v a l l e y f b d o cc l aux v v v n n ? ? ? s r t initial on 12 _ 10 1 80 ? ? ? ?
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 10 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product application information (cont.) according to figure 2, when the falling edge of 0.1v is sensed by the fb pin, the ap1685 will see the t off time i s over and delay 1s to start a new operating cycle. in this way we can realize valley on function. fault protection over voltage p rotection and output open protection figure 3 . ovp circuit the output voltage is sensed by the auxiliary winding voltage of the b uck transformer, the v cc pin and fb pin provide over voltage protection function. when the output is open or large transient happens, the output voltage will exceed the rated value. when the voltag e of v cc cap exceeds v cc_ovp or v fb_cv , the over voltage is triggered and the ic will discharge v cc . w hen the v cc is below the uvlo threshold voltage, the ic will start a new work cycle and the v cc cap is charged again by start resistance. if the over voltage condition still exists, the system will work in hiccup mode. output short pr otection when the output is shorted, the output voltage will be clamped at 0. at this condition, v cc will drop down without auxiliary winding for power supply. and the v cc will drop to uvlo threshold voltage, the ic will shut down and restart a new operati ng cycle, and the v cc is charged by startup resistance. when the v cc is higher than v cc_start voltage, the ic will output a bunch of pulse to control power mosfet on and off, which will consume the energy stored in the v cc cap, because of no v cc supply from the auxiliary winding, the v cc will drop down to v cc uvlo threshold voltage again. if output short condition still exists, the system will operate in hiccup mode . over temperature protection the ap1685 has two kinds of over temperature protec tion processes. first, the system is operating normally, the ambient temperature is changed to + 170c suddenly, the ic will trigger over temperature protection which leads to a latch work mode. second, if the system start s, the over temperature protection will be triggered when the ambient temperature is higher than + 150c. so the ap1685 can startup successfully when the ambient temperature is less than + 150c. recommended a pplications the ap168 5 is a device which internal ly integrates a mosfet , the output current is limited by the internal integrated mosfet , using this device can cover up to 10w s application meanwhile the output current is less than 200ma . components selection guide if the systems output spec is changed, please refer to the de sign sheet of the ap1685 and select the compatible system parameter. when the system need s to be adjusted slightly, please refer to the table below and adjust the value of the related component. i tem description related c omponents i o led current r8 output c urrent r ipple small current ripple is good for led life c4 t on_initial system initial on time, used to start up the system r1 output o pen v oltage setting the output voltage when the led is open r5, r6 line c ompensation to get a good line regulation r7, r9 startup t ime system startup time r 2 , c3, t1 emi pass en 55022 class b with 6db margin l1, c1, c2 v c c f b r f b 1 r f b 2 a p 1 6 8 5
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 11 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product ordering information package temperature range part number marking id packing so - 7 - 40 c to + 1 0 5 c ap1685 mtr - g1 16 85 m - g1 4 000/13tape & reel mark ing informatio n (top view) first and s econd l ines: logo and marking id third l ine: date code y: y ear ww: w ork w eek of m olding a: a ssembly h ouse c ode xx: 7 th and 8 th d igits of batch no . 1685 m - g1 ywwaxx a p 1 6 8 5 x x x C p a c k i n g p a c k a g e p r o d u c t n a m e t r : t a p e & r e e l m : s o - 7 g 1 : g r e e n r o h s / g r e e n
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 12 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product package outline dimensions (all d imensions in mm ( inch ) . ) (1) package type: so - 7 3 . 8 0 0 ( 0 . 1 5 0 ) 4 . 0 0 0 ( 0 . 1 5 7 ) 1 . 2 7 0 ( 0 . 0 5 0 ) t y p 4 . 7 0 0 ( 0 . 1 8 5 ) 5 . 1 0 0 ( 0 . 2 0 1 ) 0 . 3 3 0 ( 0 . 0 1 3 ) 0 . 5 1 0 ( 0 . 0 2 0 ) 0 . 1 9 0 ( 0 . 0 0 7 ) 0 . 2 5 0 ( 0 . 0 1 0 ) 0 . 1 0 0 ( 0 . 0 0 4 ) 0 . 2 5 0 ( 0 . 0 1 0 ) 1 . 3 5 0 ( 0 . 0 5 3 ) 1 . 7 5 0 ( 0 . 0 6 9 ) 0 . 4 5 0 ( 0 . 0 1 7 ) 0 . 8 0 0 ( 0 . 0 3 1 ) 8 0 5 . 8 0 0 ( 0 . 2 2 8 ) 6 . 2 0 0 ( 0 . 2 4 4 ) 2 . 5 4 ( 0 . 1 0 0 ) t y p 1 . 2 5 0 ( 0 . 0 4 9 ) 1 . 5 0 0 ( 0 . 0 5 9 ) n o t e : e j e c t h o l e , o r i e n t e d h o l e a n d m o l d m a r k i s o p t i o n a l .
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 13 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product suggested pad layout (1) package type: so - 7 dimensions z (mm)/(inch) g (mm)/(inch) x (mm)/(inch) y (mm)/(inch) e (mm)/(inch) e 1 (mm)/(inch) value 6.900/0.272 3.900/0.154 0.650/0.026 1.500/0.059 1.270/0.050 2.54 0/0. 100 z g e 1 e x y
ap1685 document number: ds 37311 rev. 1 - 2 14 of 14 www.diodes.com september 2014 ? diodes incorporated ap1685 a product line of diodes incorporated new product important notice diodes incorporated makes no warranty of any kind, express or implied, with regards to this document, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose (and their equivalents under the laws of any jurisdiction). diodes incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. diodes incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this document or any product described herein; neither does diodes incorporated convey any license unde r its patent or trademark rights, nor the rights of others. any customer or user of t his document or products described herein in such applications shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold diodes incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on diod es incorporated website, harmless against all damages. diodes incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability whatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthor ized sales channel. should customers purchase or use diodes incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application , customers shall indemnify and hold diodes incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising ou t of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application. products described herein may be covered by one or more united states, international or foreign patents pending. product nam es and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more united states, international or fore ign trademarks. this document is written in english but may be translated into multiple languages for reference. only the english version of this document is the final and determinative format released by diodes incorporated. life support diodes incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems witho ut the express written approval of the chief executive officer of diodes incorporated. as used herein: a. life support devices or systems are devices or systems which: 1. are intended to implant into the body, or 2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided i n the labeling can be reasonably exp ected to result in significant injury to the user. b. a critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expe cted to cause the failure of the life support device or to affect its s afety or effectiveness. customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support d evices or systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory an d safety - related requirements concerning their products and any use of diodes incorporated products in such safety - critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices - or systems - related information or support that may be provided by dio des incorporated. further, customers must fully indemnify diodes incorporated and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of diodes incorporated products in such safety - critical, life support devices or systems. copyright ? 201 4 , d iodes incorporated www.diodes.com

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